How to choose alloy milling cutters correctly
A milling cutter made of hard alloy is called a hard alloy milling cutter. Hard alloy is mainly composed of micron sized carbide powders of high hardness and refractory metals; A powder metallurgy product made by sintering cobalt or nickel as a binder in a vacuum furnace or hydrogen reduction furnace.
Hard alloy milling cutters are mainly divided into: integral hard alloy milling cutters, hard alloy straight shank slot milling cutters, hard alloy saw blade milling cutters, hard alloy end milling cutters, and hard alloy ball end milling cutters.
1、 Application of hard alloy milling cutters
Hard alloy milling cutters are generally used in CNC machining centers, CNC engraving machines, and can also be installed on ordinary milling machines to process some relatively hard and uncomplicated heat treated materials. Specifically, as follows:
1. Hard alloy angle milling cutter: used for milling grooves at a certain angle, there are two types of milling cutters: single angle and double angle.
2. Hard alloy face milling cutter: used for machining flat surfaces on vertical milling machines, end face milling machines, or gantry milling machines. There are cutter teeth on both the end face and circumference, as well as coarse and fine teeth. There are three types of structures: integral, serrated, and rotatable.
3. Hard alloy three sided milling cutter: used for processing various grooves and step surfaces, with cutter teeth on both sides and circumference.
4. Hard alloy end mills: used for machining grooves and step surfaces, etc. The cutting teeth are on the circumference and end face, and cannot be fed along the axial direction during operation. When there are end teeth passing through the center on the end mill, axial feed can be achieved.
5. Hard alloy cylindrical milling cutter: used for machining flat surfaces on horizontal milling machines. The cutter teeth are distributed on the circumference of the milling cutter and can be divided into two types according to tooth shape: straight teeth and spiral teeth. According to the number of teeth, it can be divided into two types: coarse teeth and fine teeth. If the number of teeth in the spiral tooth coarse tooth milling cutter is small, the tooth strength is high, the chip holding space is large, and it is suitable for rough machining; Fine tooth milling cutters are suitable for precision machining.
2、 Milling method of hard alloy milling cutter
There are two main milling methods for the feed direction and rotation direction of the hard alloy milling cutter relative to the workpiece:
1. Shun milling. The rotation direction of the milling cutter is the same as the cutting feed direction. At the beginning of cutting, the milling cutter bites the workpiece and cuts off the final chips.
2. Reverse milling. The rotation direction of the milling cutter is opposite to the cutting feed direction. Before starting cutting, the milling cutter must slide a section on the workpiece, starting with a cutting thickness of zero and reaching its maximum at the end of cutting.
During forward milling, the cutting force presses the workpiece towards the worktable, while during reverse milling, the cutting force causes the workpiece to leave the worktable. Due to the best cutting effect of forward milling, forward milling is usually chosen. Only when there is a problem with thread clearance or a problem that cannot be solved by forward milling can reverse milling be considered.
3、 Hard alloy milling cutter maintenance
When the axis line of the hard alloy milling cutter coincides with the edge line of the workpiece or approaches the edge line of the workpiece, the operator should do the following equipment maintenance work:
1. Check the power and stiffness of the machine tool to ensure that the required milling cutter diameter can be used on the machine tool.
2. The overhang of the tool on the spindle should be as short as possible to reduce the influence of the milling cutter axis and workpiece position on the impact load.
3. Use the correct milling cutter pitch suitable for the process to ensure that there are not too many blades during cutting
Hard alloy milling cutters are mainly divided into: integral hard alloy milling cutters, hard alloy straight shank slot milling cutters, hard alloy saw blade milling cutters, hard alloy end milling cutters, and hard alloy ball end milling cutters.
1、 Application of hard alloy milling cutters
Hard alloy milling cutters are generally used in CNC machining centers, CNC engraving machines, and can also be installed on ordinary milling machines to process some relatively hard and uncomplicated heat treated materials. Specifically, as follows:
1. Hard alloy angle milling cutter: used for milling grooves at a certain angle, there are two types of milling cutters: single angle and double angle.
2. Hard alloy face milling cutter: used for machining flat surfaces on vertical milling machines, end face milling machines, or gantry milling machines. There are cutter teeth on both the end face and circumference, as well as coarse and fine teeth. There are three types of structures: integral, serrated, and rotatable.
3. Hard alloy three sided milling cutter: used for processing various grooves and step surfaces, with cutter teeth on both sides and circumference.
4. Hard alloy end mills: used for machining grooves and step surfaces, etc. The cutting teeth are on the circumference and end face, and cannot be fed along the axial direction during operation. When there are end teeth passing through the center on the end mill, axial feed can be achieved.
5. Hard alloy cylindrical milling cutter: used for machining flat surfaces on horizontal milling machines. The cutter teeth are distributed on the circumference of the milling cutter and can be divided into two types according to tooth shape: straight teeth and spiral teeth. According to the number of teeth, it can be divided into two types: coarse teeth and fine teeth. If the number of teeth in the spiral tooth coarse tooth milling cutter is small, the tooth strength is high, the chip holding space is large, and it is suitable for rough machining; Fine tooth milling cutters are suitable for precision machining.
2、 Milling method of hard alloy milling cutter
There are two main milling methods for the feed direction and rotation direction of the hard alloy milling cutter relative to the workpiece:
1. Shun milling. The rotation direction of the milling cutter is the same as the cutting feed direction. At the beginning of cutting, the milling cutter bites the workpiece and cuts off the final chips.
2. Reverse milling. The rotation direction of the milling cutter is opposite to the cutting feed direction. Before starting cutting, the milling cutter must slide a section on the workpiece, starting with a cutting thickness of zero and reaching its maximum at the end of cutting.
During forward milling, the cutting force presses the workpiece towards the worktable, while during reverse milling, the cutting force causes the workpiece to leave the worktable. Due to the best cutting effect of forward milling, forward milling is usually chosen. Only when there is a problem with thread clearance or a problem that cannot be solved by forward milling can reverse milling be considered.
3、 Hard alloy milling cutter maintenance
When the axis line of the hard alloy milling cutter coincides with the edge line of the workpiece or approaches the edge line of the workpiece, the operator should do the following equipment maintenance work:
1. Check the power and stiffness of the machine tool to ensure that the required milling cutter diameter can be used on the machine tool.
2. The overhang of the tool on the spindle should be as short as possible to reduce the influence of the milling cutter axis and workpiece position on the impact load.
3. Use the correct milling cutter pitch suitable for the process to ensure that there are not too many blades during cutting
